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ASIATOUR.COM
Jan Garanoz
Thanon Pemavipat
Chiang Rai, 57000
Thailand |
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Constitution of the Republic of Singapore
PART IVFUNDAMENTAL LIBERTIESLiberty of the person
9.
—(1)
No
person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty save in
accordance with law.
(2)
Where a complaint is made to the High
Court or any Judge thereof that a person is being unlawfully detained,
the Court shall inquire into the complaint and, unless satisfied
that the detention is lawful, shall order him to be produced before
the Court and release him.
(3)
Where a person is arrested, he shall
be informed as soon as may be of the grounds of his arrest and shall
be allowed to consult and be defended by a legal practitioner of
his choice.
(4)
Where a person is arrested and not
released, he shall, without unreasonable delay, and in any case
within 48 hours (excluding the time of any necessary journey), be
produced before a Magistrate and shall not be further detained in
custody without the Magistrate’s authority.
(5)
Clauses (3) and (4) shall not apply
to an enemy alien or to any person arrested for contempt of Parliament
pursuant to a warrant issued under the hand of the Speaker.
(6)
Nothing in this Article shall invalidate
any law —(a)
in force before the commencement of
this Constitution which authorises the arrest and detention of any
person in the interests of public safety, peace and good order;
or (b)
relating to the misuse of drugs or
intoxicating substances which authorises the arrest and detention
of any person for the purpose of treatment and rehabilitation,
by reason of such law being inconsistent
with clauses (3) and (4), and, in particular, nothing in this Article
shall affect the validity or operation of any such law before 10th
March 1978.
Slavery and forced labour prohibited
10.
—(1)
No
person shall be held in slavery.
(2)
All forms of forced labour are prohibited,
but Parliament may by law provide for compulsory service for national
purposes.
(3)
Work incidental to the serving of a
sentence of imprisonment imposed by a court of law shall not be
taken to be forced labour within the meaning of this Article.
Protection against retrospective criminal laws and
repeated trials
11.
—(1)
No
person shall be punished for an act or omission which was not punishable
by law when it was done or made, and no person shall suffer greater
punishment for an offence than was prescribed by law at the time
it was committed.
(2)
A person who has been convicted or
acquitted of an offence shall not be tried again for the same offence
except where the conviction or acquittal has been quashed and a
retrial ordered by a court superior to that by which he was convicted or
acquitted.
Equal protection
12.
—(1)
All
persons are equal before the law and entitled to the equal protection of
the law.
(2)
Except as expressly authorised by this
Constitution, there shall be no discrimination against citizens
of Singapore on the ground only of religion, race, descent or place
of birth in any law or in the appointment to any office or employment
under a public authority or in the administration of any law relating
to the acquisition, holding or disposition of property or the establishing
or carrying on of any trade, business, profession, vocation or employment.
(3)
This Article does not invalidate or
prohibit —(a)
any provision regulating personal
law; or (b)
any provision or practice restricting
office or employment connected with the affairs of any religion,
or of an institution managed by a group professing any religion,
to persons professing that religion.
Prohibition of banishment and freedom of movement
13.
—(1)
No
citizen of Singapore shall be banished or excluded from Singapore.
(2)
Subject to any law relating to the
security of Singapore or any part thereof, public order, public
health or the punishment of offenders, every citizen of Singapore has
the right to move freely throughout Singapore and to reside in any
part thereof.
Freedom of speech, assembly and association
14.
—(1)
Subject
to clauses (2) and (3) —(a)
every citizen of Singapore has the
right to freedom of speech and expression; (b)
all citizens of Singapore have the
right to assemble peaceably and without arms; and (c)
all citizens of Singapore have the
right to form associations.
(2)
Parliament may by law impose —(a)
on the rights conferred by clause
(1) (a), such restrictions as it considers necessary
or expedient in the interest of the security of Singapore or any part
thereof, friendly relations with other countries, public order or
morality and restrictions designed to protect the privileges of
Parliament or to provide against contempt of court, defamation or
incitement to any offence; (b)
on the right conferred by clause (1)
(b), such restrictions as it considers necessary
or expedient in the interest of the security of Singapore or any part
thereof or public order; and (c)
on the right conferred by clause (1)
(c), such restrictions as it considers necessary
or expedient in the interest of the security of Singapore or any
part thereof, public order or morality.
(3)
Restrictions on the right to form associations
conferred by clause (1) (c) may also be imposed
by any law relating to labour or education.
Freedom of religion
15.
—(1)
Every
person has the right to profess and practise his religion and to
propagate it.
(2)
No person shall be compelled to pay
any tax the proceeds of which are specially allocated in whole or
in part for the purposes of a religion other than his own.
(3)
Every religious group has the right —(a)
to manage its own religious affairs; (b)
to establish and maintain institutions
for religious or charitable purposes; and (c)
to acquire and own property and hold
and administer it in accordance with law.
(4)
This Article does not authorise any
act contrary to any general law relating to public order, public
health or morality.
Rights in respect of education
16.
—(1)
Without
prejudice to the generality of Article 12, there shall be no discrimination
against any citizen of Singapore on the grounds only of religion,
race, descent or place of birth —(a)
in the administration of any educational
institution maintained by a public authority, and, in particular,
the admission of pupils or students or the payment of fees; or (b)
in providing out of the funds of a
public authority financial aid for the maintenance or education
of pupils or students in any educational institution (whether or
not maintained by a public authority and whether within or outside
Singapore).
(2)
Every religious group has the right
to establish and maintain institutions for the education of children
and provide therein instruction in its own religion, and there shall
be no discrimination on the ground only of religion in any law relating
to such institutions or in the administration of any such law.
(3)
No person shall be required to receive
instruction in or to take part in any ceremony or act of worship
of a religion other than his own.
(4)
For the purposes of clause (3), the
religion of a person under the age of 18 years shall be decided
by his parent or guardian.
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