India / Agriculture

Post Independence, achieving self-sufficiency in food grains was the prime concern. From 51 million tones in 1951 food grain production has, due to intensive research, quality inputs, modern tools and innovations, risen to 202 million tones in 1998-99. The Public Distribution System, a national network, ensures that supplies reach the remotest areas of the country.

The agricultural sector contributes to 25.3% of the GDP, employing 64% of the workforce. Wheat, rice, sugarcane, cotton, groundnut, mustard, pulses and jute are the main crops. Coffee, tea, coconut and rubber are the major plantation crops. With horticulture, fruits, vegetables, flower and spices becoming increasingly lucrative, there has been a shift to non-traditional areas. Private investment is on the increase in daily farming, horticulture, floriculture and food processing. The Eight five-year Plans have earmarked funds for greenhouse, plastic mulches and drip irrigation.

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research and a network of agricultural universities provide training and research. Tax exemption on agricultural income and the availability of rural credit are other supportive measures.

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